Very Computer

DISTRIBUTED AND OBJECT - ORIENTED DATABASE SYSTEMS COURSE/WORKSHOP

Lecturer:       Dr Patrick Valduriez    - Inria, Rocquencourt France

Venue:          La Trobe University

Time:           All day during week     July 29 - August 2 1991

This course will involve designing and constructing both distributed and
object-oriented database systems - technologies for the twenty first century.

The course will consist of lectures, tutorials, laboratories and supervised
practical work. Participants will have the opportunity to use the new object
oriented database management system O2, developed at INRIA.

Dr. Valduriez is currently the director of the Sabre Database Project at INRIA.
He is the co-author of renowned books on distributed databases, and relational
databases and knowledge bases. He gave a tutorial at VLDB90 on distributed and
parallel databases.

Dr. Valduriez will be supported by Dr. John Zeleznikow and his team at the
Database Research Laboratory at La Trobe University. Dr. Zeleznikow is an
associate editor of the Australian Computer Journal, Tutorial Chairman of
VLDB90, and General Chairman of an IFIP WG2.6 Conference on Interoperable
Databases.

The fee for the course is $950 ($475 for academic staff and $95 for students
and the unemployed), and includes all use of software and hardware, written
materials and meals and refreshments.

For further information and registration forms contact:

Dr. John Zeleznikow
Database Research Laboratory
Applied Computing Research Institute
La Trobe University
Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia

Phone: 61.3.4791003
FAX:   61.3.4704915

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COURSE OUTLINE

DISTRIBUTED AND OBJECT-ORIENTED DATABASE SYSTEMS

Dr. Patrick Valduriez, INRIA, Le Chesnay, france

DISTRIBUTED DATABASES

CENTRALIZED VERSUS DISTRIBUTED DATA MANAGEMENT

Critical features of relational databases: data independence, query
optimization, reduction of data redundancy, transaction support.
Additional objectives of distributed databases: distributed computing,
site autonomy, increased reliability, extensibility and performance.
Approaches to distributed data management.

DISTRIBUTED DBMS ARCHITECTURES

Transparencies: network, location,location, transparency.
Architectural models: ISO/OSI, ANSI/SPARC, client-server model.
Impact of standards: ISO SQL, IBM's SAA, ISO RDA, ISO TP.
Global directory management issues.

DESIGNING A DISTRIBUTED DATABASE

Alternative design strategies: top-down vs. bottom-up design process.
Distributed database design issues.
Designing the best fragmentation: horizontal, vertical or hybrid.
Selecting the best allocation of fragments to sites.

PROCESSING AND OPTIMIZING QUERIES ON A DISTRIBUTED DATABASE

Distributed query processing: problem, objectives, layers.
Localization of distributed data: reduction rules for fragmentation.
Optimization of distributed queries: cost model, database profiles,
join ordering in fragment queries, algorithms.

CONCURRENCY CONTROL AND RELIABILITY IN DISTRIBUTED DATABASE SYSTEMS

Transaction management concepts: atomicity, consistency, isolation,
durability.
Distributed concurrency control: serializability theory, algorithms,
distributed deadlock management.
Distributed reliability: distributed protocols (two-phase commit, three-
phase commit, network partitioning).

INTEROPERABILITY USING DISTRIBUTED MULTIDATABASE SYSTEMS

Integration of heterogeneous data models: schema integration.
Multidatabase definition and manipulation within SQL.
Multidatabase transaction management issues.
MDBS developements: DB2 V2, INGRES/STAR, ORACLE/STAR, SABRINA*, SYBASE.

IMPROVING PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY WITH PARALLEL DATABASE SERVERS

Data Servers: objectives, data servers in distributed databases.
Multiprocessor architectures: message-passing versus shared-memory.
Parallel data placement: load balancing and replication issues.
Parallel query processing.
Parallel data servers: NONSTOP-SQL (Tandem), DBC (Teradata), BUBBA (MCC),
GAMMA (U. of Wisconsin), GRACE (U. of Tokyo), EDS (ESPRIT).

OBJECT-ORIENTED DATABASE SYSTEMS

EVOLUTION OF DBMS REQUIREMENTS

New application domains (OIS, CASE, CAD/CAM,AI, etc.).
History of DBMS: theoretical and practical advances.
Persitency and programming languages.
Strenghts and weaknesses of Network and Relational DBMS.
Objectives of OODBMS: richer data types, complex objects, computing power.

THE OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH

Objectives and history.
OO concepts: object, class, method, message, inheritance, polymorphism.
Advantages: encapsulation, modelling, modularity, code reusability.
OO programming languages: C++, Smalltalk, Simula, Eiffel.
Strenghts and weaknesses of OO.

THE OODB APPROACH

OODB concepts: persistence, sharing, identity, collections.
Procedural vs. declarative programming: the impedance mismatch.
OODB problems: persistence model, encapsulation, objects and values, class
extensions, compilation and optimization, data control, schema evolution,
transactions.

OODB DATA MODELS

Evolution of data models to capture more semantics.
Extending the relational model with OO capabilities: INGRES OBJECT, ESQL.
Extending an OO model with DB capabilities: ONTOS, GEMSTONE.
Creating a new data model: ORION, O2.

OODB LANGUAGES

Extending SQL with abstract data types, object identity, complex objects:
ESQL, OSQL.
ISO extensions to SQL: SQL2, SQL3.
Extending an OOPL: ONTOS with C++, OPAL with Smalltalk, O++.
Extending a PL: ORION with LISP, O2-C and O2-C++.
Query languages for OODB: the Object Management Group.

IMPLEMENTING AN OODBMS

Integration of OO and DB capabilities: difficulties.
The three architectural approaches:
        extending an RDBMS: POSTGRES, SABRINA.
        extending an OO system: ONTOS, GEMSTONE, OBJECT-STORE, OBJECT-BASE.
        creating a new system: ORION, O2, GBASE, IRIS.
Architecturing OODBMS in workstation/server environments.
Implementation issues: object and memory management, versions, indexes,
transactions, set-oriented operators.

ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF OODBMS PRODUCTS

Common description outline: objectives, model and language, architecture,
implementation techniques, additional features.
Analysis and comparison of POSTGRES, SABRINA, GEMSTONE, ONTOS, ORION, O2.

TOWARDS HETEROGENEOUS, DISTRIBUTED OODB MANAGEMENT

The toolkit approach to extensible object management: EXODUS (U. Wisconsin),
GEODE (INRIA), ARJUNA (U. New Castle).
Distributed object management (DOM): common object protocol, local
application interfaces and distributed objects managers.
Heterogeneous information systems integration: the DOM breadboard (GTE
Labs.), the FUGUE project (Xerox).
Issues: security, semantic integrity, physical integrity.